Monday, March 6, 2017
Sunday, March 5, 2017
Constants and Literals
Constants
Constants are expressions with a fixed value.
Literals
Literals are used to express particular values within the source code of a program. We have already used these previously to give concrete values to variables or to express messages we wanted our programs to print out, for example, when we wrote:
a = 5;
the 5 in this piece of code was a literal constant.
Literal constants can be divided in Integer Numerals, Floating-Point Numerals, Characters, Strings and Boolean Values.
Constants are expressions with a fixed value.
Literals
Literals are used to express particular values within the source code of a program. We have already used these previously to give concrete values to variables or to express messages we wanted our programs to print out, for example, when we wrote:
a = 5;
the 5 in this piece of code was a literal constant.
Literal constants can be divided in Integer Numerals, Floating-Point Numerals, Characters, Strings and Boolean Values.
Variables, Datatypes
The usefulness of the "Hello World" programs shown in the previous section is quite questionable. We had to write several lines of code, compile them, and then execute the resulting program just to obtain a simple sentence written on the screen as result. It certainly would have been much faster to type the output sentence by ourselves. However, programming is not limited only to printing simple texts on the screen. In order to go a little further on and to become able to write programs that perform useful tasks that really save us work we need to introduce the concept of variable.
Let us think that I ask you to retain the number 5 in your mental memory, and then I ask you to memorize also the number 2 at the same time. You have just stored two different values in your memory. Now, if I ask you to add 1 to the first number I said, you should be retaining the numbers 6 (that is 5+1) and 2 in your memory. Values that we could now for example subtract and obtain 4 as result.
Let us think that I ask you to retain the number 5 in your mental memory, and then I ask you to memorize also the number 2 at the same time. You have just stored two different values in your memory. Now, if I ask you to add 1 to the first number I said, you should be retaining the numbers 6 (that is 5+1) and 2 in your memory. Values that we could now for example subtract and obtain 4 as result.
Students advised to take part in sports to stay fit
PESHAWAR: Government College, Peshawar, principal Prof Fazle Subhani has asked the students to focus on both studies and sports activities to defeat evils in the society.
He speaking at a ceremony organised here on Saturday for distribution of prizes among the winners of the games held under the aegis of the University of Peshawar for year 2017. He advised the students to take part in different sports activities to remain healthy and keep themselves away from immoral acts.
He speaking at a ceremony organised here on Saturday for distribution of prizes among the winners of the games held under the aegis of the University of Peshawar for year 2017. He advised the students to take part in different sports activities to remain healthy and keep themselves away from immoral acts.
UoP to hold national conference on Ghani Khan’s paintings
The department of art and design, University of Peshawar (UoP) will convene a national conference on the art of Ghani Khan.
Speaking at a study circle titled ‘Ghani Khan -- the man and poet’ at Bacha Khan Trust Educational Foundation Centre here on Saturday, Prof Sher Ali, the chairman of the department, that said his colleagues intended to explore the most hidden aspect of Ghani Khan’s life.
The panelists discussed various aspects of Ghani Khan’s life and literary, political and artistic services. They also critically evaluated celebrated poem titled ‘Aey Zama Wanta’ (O’ My homeland) of Ghani Khan and threw light on its historical, social, cultural and political implications.
Speaking at a study circle titled ‘Ghani Khan -- the man and poet’ at Bacha Khan Trust Educational Foundation Centre here on Saturday, Prof Sher Ali, the chairman of the department, that said his colleagues intended to explore the most hidden aspect of Ghani Khan’s life.
The panelists discussed various aspects of Ghani Khan’s life and literary, political and artistic services. They also critically evaluated celebrated poem titled ‘Aey Zama Wanta’ (O’ My homeland) of Ghani Khan and threw light on its historical, social, cultural and political implications.
AIOU offers Scholarships for 75% Marks Students
The students who got 75% or more marks in their academic year can submit their scholarship application to the director though the relevant department of AIOU.
Last Date 6 March 2017
Last Date 6 March 2017
Sukkur IBA bids farewell to 240 graduating students
SUKKUR: The Sukkur Institute of Business Administration (IBA) held its fourth convocation on Saturday. A total of 240 graduates were awarded degrees in masters and bachelors of business administration, electrical engineering, computer science and software engineering and education.
Four gold medals, one silver and one bronze medal were awarded to high achieving students in different academic programmes.
Sindh minister for education Jam Mehtab Hussain Dahar and chairperson of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Dr Mukhtar Ahmed were chief guests at the event.
In his welcome address, Sukkur IBA dean and director Professor Nisar Ahmed Siddiqui thanked the guests, graduating students, parents and media for showing their interest and commitment to education in Sindh.
Four gold medals, one silver and one bronze medal were awarded to high achieving students in different academic programmes.
Sindh minister for education Jam Mehtab Hussain Dahar and chairperson of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Dr Mukhtar Ahmed were chief guests at the event.
In his welcome address, Sukkur IBA dean and director Professor Nisar Ahmed Siddiqui thanked the guests, graduating students, parents and media for showing their interest and commitment to education in Sindh.
UoP to begin online admissions
PESHAWAR: The University of Peshawar is establishing campus management solution system to facilitate online submission of applications for admission in different faculties during the current academic year.
Talking to media persons here on Saturday, Pro-Vice Chancellor Dr Mohammad Abid said students would get login (username and password) to get access to their academic record, including grading.
He said parents and guardians would also be facilitated to check their children’s academic activities through the online system. He said the new system was being installed with the financial assistance of Higher Education Commission.
Talking to media persons here on Saturday, Pro-Vice Chancellor Dr Mohammad Abid said students would get login (username and password) to get access to their academic record, including grading.
He said parents and guardians would also be facilitated to check their children’s academic activities through the online system. He said the new system was being installed with the financial assistance of Higher Education Commission.
Ten-year-old Peshawar boy becomes youngest computer lecturer of Pakistan
Peshawar: A 5th grade student in Peshawar has become the youngest lecturer of Computer Studies.
The 10-year-old boy “Sabawan” teaches students older than him in a private academy and he earns Rs 24000/- per month.
This brilliant student has a command over numerous languages which include English, Pashto, Urdu, Persian and Hindko.
Ten-year-old Peshawar boy becomes youngest computer lecturer of Pakistan.
The 10-year-old boy “Sabawan” teaches students older than him in a private academy and he earns Rs 24000/- per month.
This brilliant student has a command over numerous languages which include English, Pashto, Urdu, Persian and Hindko.
Ten-year-old Peshawar boy becomes youngest computer lecturer of Pakistan.
HEC, Hungary sign MoU for Award of 200 Scholarships to Pakistani Students
Islamabad: The Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan and the Government of Hungary have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) under Higher Education and Scientific Exchange Programme under which Hungary will provide 200 scholarships to Pakistani students to study in Hungarian universities.
Engr. Baligh-ur-Rehman, Minister for Federal Education and Professional Training, was chief guest of the ceremony. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed, Chairman HEC and Mr. Szabo Istvan, Ambassador of Hungary to Pakistan signed the MoU.
Engr. Baligh-ur-Rehman, Minister for Federal Education and Professional Training, was chief guest of the ceremony. Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed, Chairman HEC and Mr. Szabo Istvan, Ambassador of Hungary to Pakistan signed the MoU.
HEC Launches Pakistan Qualification Register (PQR)
Islamabad: The Higher Education Commission (HEC) has achieved another milestone by launching Pakistan Qualification Register (PQR) through e-portal system so that stakeholders of HEC can view online those programmes of Pakistani Universities/Degree Awarding Institutions that have been approved by HEC.
PQR is an online database which contains information regarding accredited higher qualifications and institutions recognized by HEC of all public and private sector universities including their sub campuses and affiliated as well as constituent colleges. PQR is aimed to provide clearly defined levels of knowledge, skills and competencies to be acquired by every graduate.
HEC started developing a Qualification Framework for higher education sector in 2009 and took necessary steps to develop tools for implementing the framework covering all HEC chartered public and private higher education institutions in the country.
PQF is a level-based and outcomes focused mechanism. It sets out the levels on which a qualification can be recognized in Pakistan. It encompasses a comprehensive list of all quality assured qualifications in Pakistan. Each accredited qualification has been assigned a level. It consists of Entry Level-1 to Level-8, describing the difficulty of qualifications at each level.
PQF has been structured to help learners to make informed decisions about the qualification required, and will help employers to assess what qualification a candidate has achieved. It will help in establishing the national standards of qualifications as well as provide a basis for comparison of qualifications at national as well as international levels. Further, it will help in international recognition of academic qualifications, facilitate trans-national mobility of graduates and learners, in addition to be used as an instrument for qualitative reforms in education system.
The first announcement for nomination of Focal Persons for PQR and populating the data by universities was made by HEC in October 2016. The response of universities on PQR has been encouraging and till date 144 HEC recognized universities and degree awarding institutions, out of total 183 institutions, have nominated their Focal Persons. It is worth mentioning that till date 15098 programmes have been listed in the PQR portal .
The universities have been informed that PQR is going to be linked to HEC initiatives such as attestation system of degrees awarded by the universities, appointment of HEC approved supervisors, award of national research grants for universities, thematic research grants for social sciences, indigenous/overseas scholarships, etc.
PQR is an online database which contains information regarding accredited higher qualifications and institutions recognized by HEC of all public and private sector universities including their sub campuses and affiliated as well as constituent colleges. PQR is aimed to provide clearly defined levels of knowledge, skills and competencies to be acquired by every graduate.
HEC started developing a Qualification Framework for higher education sector in 2009 and took necessary steps to develop tools for implementing the framework covering all HEC chartered public and private higher education institutions in the country.
PQF is a level-based and outcomes focused mechanism. It sets out the levels on which a qualification can be recognized in Pakistan. It encompasses a comprehensive list of all quality assured qualifications in Pakistan. Each accredited qualification has been assigned a level. It consists of Entry Level-1 to Level-8, describing the difficulty of qualifications at each level.
PQF has been structured to help learners to make informed decisions about the qualification required, and will help employers to assess what qualification a candidate has achieved. It will help in establishing the national standards of qualifications as well as provide a basis for comparison of qualifications at national as well as international levels. Further, it will help in international recognition of academic qualifications, facilitate trans-national mobility of graduates and learners, in addition to be used as an instrument for qualitative reforms in education system.
The first announcement for nomination of Focal Persons for PQR and populating the data by universities was made by HEC in October 2016. The response of universities on PQR has been encouraging and till date 144 HEC recognized universities and degree awarding institutions, out of total 183 institutions, have nominated their Focal Persons. It is worth mentioning that till date 15098 programmes have been listed in the PQR portal .
The universities have been informed that PQR is going to be linked to HEC initiatives such as attestation system of degrees awarded by the universities, appointment of HEC approved supervisors, award of national research grants for universities, thematic research grants for social sciences, indigenous/overseas scholarships, etc.
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