Sunday, December 18, 2016

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Future Perfect Continuous has two different forms: "will have been doing " and "be going to have been doing." Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Perfect Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.
FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Will"
[will have been + present participle]

We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous and the Past Perfect Continuous; however, with Future Perfect Continuous, the duration stops at or before a reference point in the future.


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Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect has two different forms: "will have done" and "be going to have done." Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Perfect forms are usually interchangeable.

FORM Future Perfect with "Be Going To"
[am/is/are + going to have + past participle]
The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.

NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect with little or no difference in meaning.
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Future Continuous Tense

Future Continuous has two different forms: "will be doing " and "be going to be doing." Unlike Simple Future forms, Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.
REMEMBER: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Continuous with little difference in meaning.
Use the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.
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Future Indefinite Tense

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

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Future Perfect Continuous Tense

We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. "For five minutes" and "for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous; however, the duration does not continue until now, it stops before something else in the past.
Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause and effect.
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Past Perfect Tense

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.
Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.
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Past Continuous Tense

Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.
When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."




Past Indefinite Tense

Using the Past Indefinite Tense to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.
The Past Indefinite Tense can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.


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Present Perfect Continuous Tense

We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect Continuous. You can also use the Present Perfect Continuous WITHOUT a duration such as "for two weeks." Without the duration, the tense has a more general meaning of "lately." We often use the words "lately" or "recently" to emphasize this meaning.

Remember that the Present Perfect Continuous has the meaning of "lately" or "recently." If you use the Present Perfect Continuous in a question such as "Have you been feeling alright?", it can suggest that the person looks sick or unhealthy. A question such as "Have you been smoking?" can suggest that you smell the smoke on the person. Using this tense in a question suggests you can see, smell, hear or feel the results of the action. It is possible to insult someone by using this tense incorrectly.

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Present Perfect Tense

The Present Perfect tense is a rather important tense in English, but it gives speakers of some languages a difficult time. That is because it uses concepts or ideas that do not exist in those languages. In fact, the structure of the Present Perfect is very simple. The problems come with the use of the tense.
To express something in the present perfect tense, join the present simple tense of have/has with the past participle of the main verb (which can be a regular verb or irregular verb).


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Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense refers the progress of work , It shows work is not completed yet. We form the present continuous tense with the verb “be” and an active verb with an “-ing” ending. (Write on the board: “Present continuous tense: be + ing.”) We use the present continuous tense to talk about what's happening right now.


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Present Indefinite Tense

Definition:
The Present Indefinite Tense, commonly known as Basic or Simple Present Tense is used to describe an event that takes place at the moment. It is the fundamental tense in English Grammar which is used to express the true event of the time.

Features:
  1. Usually Base/First form of verb or Present Participle is used to explicit the activity/event/action/state taking place.
  2. The completeness of the action is not mentioned in the sentence.
  3. It is used to direct a hobby/a habit/routine work/series of events happening now.
  4. While using Present Indefinite Tense, the person considers the fact was a truth before; it is a truth now and will eventually remain a truth always.


Saturday, December 17, 2016

A Visit to an Historical Place

Visits are a great source of information. When we go from one place to another, we are sure to learn a lot. Sometimes such historical places let us stories better than the books on history, It is well said: 
Architecture is a frozen history


A Visit to a Hill Station

Excursion trips become permanent part of student's memory. Such trips and tours are the part and parcel of life. It is really great pleasure to visit hill station in summer. A poet says: 
Praise be to you, O hills!
that thou can breathe into our soul
The secret of your power


My Hero in History

Our history is full of all kinds of people. It is natural for man to love great men. I is rightly said: 
All history is the biography of great men. 



Thursday, December 15, 2016

The Use of Force by William Carlos Williams

The Use of Force 
(William Carlos Williams)
The main idea in "The Use of Force" by William Carlos Williams is that the use of force itself, no matter how morally good the purpose, corrupts the user. The story starts out portraying the narrator as an admirable person, a hard-working country doctor concerned about his patients. Due to the diphtheria outbreak at the local school, he is very concerned about the young girl, Mathilda Olson. He describes the child as attractive but somewhat hostile to him or suspicious of him, looking at him with "cold, steady eyes."

Wednesday, December 7, 2016

Chapter - 05

Chapter - 04

A Sindhi Woman by Jan Stallworthy

This poem is a tribute to a working woman. Work creates rhythm in life. Work keeps a person strong and vigilant. An idle person will soon decay. This poem also portrays realistically the slums of Karachi in a few works. The poet praises and appreciates the working woman who has practically turned her work into an art. The woman walks softly with the delicacy and rhythm of a dancer’s feet.

Tuesday, December 6, 2016

In the Street of the Fruit Stalls by Jan Stallworthy


This is a symbolic poem. The world is threatened with war, misery and poverty. But all these have failed to crush man’s love for pleasure. Children enjoy the sweet spray of the juice forgetting all about the misery they live in.

Keyboard shortcuts in Windows 10

Keyboard shortcuts are keys or combinations of keys that provide an alternate way to do something that you’d typically do with a mouse.

Copy, paste, and other general keyboard shortcuts

Press this keyTo do this
Ctrl + XCut the selected item
Ctrl + C (or Ctrl + Insert) Copy the selected item
Ctrl + V (or Shift + Insert)Paste the selected item
Ctrl + ZUndo an action
Alt + TabSwitch between open apps
Alt + F4Close the active item, or exit the active app
Windows logo key  + LLock your PC
Windows logo key  + DDisplay and hide the desktop
F2Rename the selected item
F3Search for a file or folder in File Explorer
F4Display the address bar list in File Explorer
F5Refresh the active window
F6Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop
F10Activate the Menu bar in the active app
Alt + F8Show your password on the sign-in screen
Alt + EscCycle through items in the order in which they were opened
Alt + underlined letterPerform the command for that letter
Alt + EnterDisplay properties for the selected item
Alt + SpacebarOpen the shortcut menu for the active window
Alt + Left arrowGo back
Alt + Right arrowGo forward
Alt + Page UpMove up one screen
Alt + Page DownMove down one screen
Ctrl + F4Close the active document (in apps that are full-screen and let you have multiple documents open at the same time)
Ctrl + ASelect all items in a document or window
Ctrl + D (or Delete)Delete the selected item and move it to the Recycle Bin
Ctrl + R (or F5)Refresh the active window
Ctrl + YRedo an action
Ctrl + Right arrowMove the cursor to the beginning of the next word
Ctrl + Left arrowMove the cursor to the beginning of the previous word
Ctrl + Down arrowMove the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph
Ctrl + Up arrowMove the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph
Ctrl + Alt + TabUse the arrow keys to switch between all open apps
Ctrl + Alt + Shift + arrow keysWhen a group or tile is in focus on the Start menu, move it in the direction specified
Ctrl + arrow key (to move to an item) + SpacebarSelect multiple individual items in a window or on the desktop
Ctrl + Shift with an arrow keySelect a block of text
Ctrl + EscOpen Start
Ctrl + Shift + EscOpen Task Manager
Ctrl + ShiftSwitch the keyboard layout when multiple keyboard layouts are available
Ctrl + SpacebarTurn the Chinese input method editor (IME) on or off
Shift + F10Display the shortcut menu for the selected item
Shift with any arrow keySelect more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a document
Shift + DeleteDelete the selected item without moving it to the Recycle Bin first
Right arrowOpen the next menu to the right, or open a submenu
Left arrowOpen the next menu to the left, or close a submenu
EscStop or leave the current task

Monday, December 5, 2016

O Where are you Going? by W.H. Auden

O Where are you Going? by W.H. Auden
Part of the anthology of unit for English Literature A level, 'O Where Are You Going' is a short poem by Auden  which is attempts to echo throughout time. 
The poem is a conversational between two people. The reader (being us) asks the 'rider' many questions with fears and tension building up. All questions are answered at the end where the 'rider' runs away leaving us in an attempt to confront our fears. An inspirational read, this poem can be interpreted many different ways (comment below with your interpretations!). Another interpretation is of a mother who is finding it difficult to let her child go. She portrays the world as a place full of fearfulness making child want to stay with the mother. However, the child confronts his fear of the world and leaves his mother at the end. There is no right or wrong answer to interpretation just as long as you can back it up with evidence from the poem!

The Man Who was a Hospital by Jerome K. Jerome

The Man Who was a Hospital" is an example of Jerome’s fine humour. He exaggerates but the story is based upon sound observation of human behaviour. Many persons with a little knowledge of diseases and their symptoms think that they are suffering from such diseases.

Saturday, December 3, 2016

On Destroying Books by J.C Squire

In this essay the author describes that how he destroyed his unimportant and unwanted books. Getting rid of a heap of ordinary books may be a simple affair of some one as "you just throw the m out". But with the author, this very simple affair turns out to be a serious adventure, because he had to get rid of dozens of books.

Tuesday, November 22, 2016

End of Term by David Daiches

A renowned English writer and critic, David Daiches, write “End of Term”. This is an autobiographical essay in which the author recalls the days of his school life. He expresses his feelings and memories regarding the holidays while criticizing the rigorous and boring school system. He frankly talks about his poverty and describes those desires that remained unfulfilled. The writer possesses a remarkable memory and tells even the minutes detail of by-gone days.

Sunday, October 16, 2016

The Reward by Lord Dunsany

This English lesson named The Reward by Lord Dunsany implies that failures in life come through disregard of higher values while in the pursuit of baser values. The opening line, "One's spirit goes further in dreams than it does by day," suggests that sight and understanding are limited by our waking state and, in keeping with Freudianism, given expanded awareness in dreams.
Our expert provides you their best like passage wise translation, complete exercises including Question and Answers, Vocabulary, MCQs, Synonyms, True False and much more.

The Piece of String by Guy De Maupassant

"The Piece of String" (French: La Ficelle) is an 1883 short story by Guy de Maupassant. It is included in the short story collection "Miss Harriet". Our expert provide these passages into Urdu and complete solved exercise for the students of First year intermediate English.