Tuesday, May 9, 2017

Research based education is foundation of nation’s progress

President Mamnoon Hussain on Wednesday said educational and research institutes are recognized by their patronage of intellectual development, where new ideas and concepts are promoted to strengthen the foundation of a nation’s progress. Addressing the awards ceremony of National Research Programme under the auspices of Higher Education Commission (HEC) here at the Presidency, the President said the nations that focus on research activities never lag behind others in development.

Shahbaz inaugurates teachers training institute for special education

Punjab Chief Minister Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif inaugurated Teachers Training Institute for special education at PAF Base, Sarwar Road, Lahore Saturday.
Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Sohail Aman, Provincial Ministers Dr. Ayesha Ghaus Pasha and Chaudhry Muhammad Shafique, along with high officials of PAF were present on the occasion.

Empowering provinces in higher education

PAKISTAN came into existence in 1947 as a federal country.
The Founder of Pakistan Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah always advocated federal form of government and provincial autonomy. Government of India Act, 1935 was adopted as interim constitution in 1947 by putting education including universities under the control of provincial governments.

Youth to break Pakistan’s begging bowl

LAHORE - Punjab Chief Minister Shehbaz Sharif has said the PML-N government is determined to equip every child education for progress and prosperity of the country.

“With this view in mind, the government established Punjab Educational Endowment Fund whose volume has now been raised to Rs17 billion from initial Rs2 billion to provide scholarships to thousands of students, who otherwise do not have resources to bear the expenses on their studies,”

Research-based education vital for country’s development

Punjab Chief Minister Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif has stressed the need of promotion of knowledge-based education and personality building of the students for making it a developed and forward-looking Pakistan as well.
Addressing the participants of a prestigious laptops distribution ceremony at Govt College Women University (GCWU) here Monday,

AIOU in collaboration with UNESCO to promote non-formal education

Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) and UNESCO agreed, on Friday, of bilateral cooperation to promote non-formal education in the country, particularly to achieve 2025’s sustainable development goals.

Under a formal agreement, UNESCO will extend financial support to AIOU for launching post-graduate diploma and certificate courses of non-formal teachers’ training programme.

Monday, May 8, 2017

SQL Server: Functions

For easy reference, we have provided a list of all SQL Server (Transact-SQL) functions. The list of SQL Server functions is sorted alphabetically based on the function name.

These functions can be used in SQL statements or queries in SQL Server. Or, they can be used within the programming environment provided by the SQL Server (Transact-SQL) database, such as stored procedures, functions, triggers, etc.

Below is the list of SQL Server (Transact-SQL) functions, sorted by alphabetically by function name.

  • ABS
  • ASCII
  • AVG
  • CASE
  • CAST
  • CEILING
  • CHAR
  • CHARINDEX
  • COALESCE
  • CONCAT
  • Concat with +
  • CONVERT
  • COUNT
  • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
  • CURRENT_USER
  • DATALENGTH
  • DATEADD
  • DATEDIFF
  • DATENAME
  • DATEPART
  • DAY
  • FLOOR
  • GETDATE
  • GETUTCDATE
  • ISDATE
  • ISNULL
  • ISNUMERIC
  • LAG
  • LEAD
  • LEFT
  • LEN
  • LOWER
  • LTRIM
  • MAX
  • MIN
  • MONTH
  • NCHAR
  • NULLIF
  • PATINDEX
  • RAND
  • REPLACE
  • RIGHT
  • ROUND
  • RTRIM
  • SESSION_USER
  • SESSIONPROPERTY
  • SIGN
  • SPACE
  • STR
  • STUFF
  • SUBSTRING
  • SUM
  • SYSTEM_USER
  • UPPER
  • USER_NAME
  • YEAR

Database Normalization

Functional Dependency
Functional dependency (FD) is a set of constraints between two attributes in a relation. Functional dependency says that if two tuples have same values for attributes A1, A2,..., An, then those two tuples must have to have same values for attributes B1, B2, ..., Bn.

Functional dependency is represented by an arrow sign (→) that is, X→Y, where X functionally determines Y. The left-hand side attributes determine the values of attributes on the right-hand side.